Microsoft Azure Architect Technologies (AZ-300) Practice Exam

What type of algorithm is used to prevent unauthorized changes to data?

1. Bi-directional algorithm

2. One-way hashing algorithm

3. Reversible encryption algorithm

4. Two-way encryption algorithm

The correct answer is: One-way hashing algorithm

The one-way hashing algorithm is designed specifically to prevent unauthorized changes to data by producing a fixed-size hash value from input data. This hash value acts as a digital fingerprint of the input data; even a small change to the data will result in a significantly different hash value. Because it is a one-way process, once the data is hashed, you cannot reverse the hash to obtain the original data, which adds a layer of security. This characteristic is pivotal when ensuring data integrity. If an unauthorized change is attempted, the hash value generated from the altered data will not match the original hash value, thus indicating that the data has been tampered with. One-way hashing algorithms are commonly used in areas such as password storage and digital signatures to confirm that data has not been altered or that passwords have not been compromised. In contrast, the other types of algorithms listed serve different purposes. Bi-directional algorithms typically refer to symmetric encryption algorithms that allow both encryption and decryption of data. Reversible encryption and two-way encryption algorithms can recover the original data, which makes them unsuitable for preventing unauthorized changes, as anyone with the necessary key could potentially modify and decrypt the data. Therefore, the one-way hashing algorithm is the most appropriate choice for ensuring data integrity and preventing unauthorized